Furnace-burner.



G. L. FOGLER.

FURNAGE BURNER. t APPLIGATION lFILED 11113.13, 1912.

Patented Aug. 5, 1913.

Z SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES G. L. FOGLBR. PURNACE BURNER.'

` APPLICATION FILED MAB.. 13, 1912.

Pateted Aug. 5, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

` therewith,

GEORGE L. FOGLER, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

FURNACE-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patenti Patented Aug.. 5,1913..

Application led March 13, 1912. Serial No. 683,510.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, GEORGE L. FoGLnn, aresident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful improvement inl*`urnace-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

'lhis invention relates to oil and gas burners.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved construction formixing and burning either oil or gas, which is of simple construction,effect-ive inA operation, and in which a thorough and complete mixtureand combustion of the combustible material with air is obtained.

The invention comprises the construction and arrangement of partshereinafter described and claimed. l

ln the drawings, Figurelis a central longitudinal section through aburner constructed according to my invent-ion; Fig. 2 is a plan viewthereof, the final combustion chamber being omitted; Fig. 3 is a crosssection on the line 3 3, Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows;Fig. 4 is a cross section on the line 4 4, looking in the direc tion ofthe arrows; Fig. 5 is a cross section on the line 5 5, Fig. 1, lookingin the direction of the arrows; Fig. 6 is a detail cross section takenon the line 6 6, Fig. 4; Fig. 7 is a similar cross section taken on theline 7 7, Fig. 5, and Fig. 8 is an end view of the lfinal combustionchamber from the right in Fig. 1.

The mixer and burner illustrated in the drawings may be adapted forburning either oil or other like fuel, or gas.

.The essential parts of the device comprise a series of three mixing andcombustion chambers, to wit, a preliminary mixing chamber 1, a furthermixing and preliminary combustion chamber 2, and a final' mixing andcombustion chamber 3. All of these chambers are of conical form, withthe entrance at the base and the discharge at the smaller end; togetherwith proper inlets for the fuel and for air or steam for mixing anddevices for securing a thorough mixture of these elements.

The preliminary mixing chamber l is inclosed by a suitable casing j4, towhose base or larger end is secured the'ttng '5 to which the fuel supplypipe 6 is connected, said fitting 5 terminating in a nozzle 7 projectinginto the chamber 1, and perforatedl and having communication with thesupply pipe 6. llhe perforation 8 through the nozzle 7 does not extendto the end thereof, but said end is closed, such as by means of screwplug S), while the bore 8 communicates with side or lateral ports 'l0which may be arranged radially, but preferably are nearly tangential tothe bore 8 and curved as shown in Fig. 3, so to give a rotary orswirling motion to the oil or gas escaping from said nozzle. The passagethrough the fitting 5 is controlled by a needle valve 11 of the usualconstruction. Surrounding the nozzle 7 is a plate, wall or flange 12provided with a series of radial slots 13 which longitudinally of theburner are inclined, as shown in Fig. 6, the direction of inclinationbeing opposite to that of the inclination or curvature of the ports 10.rlhe chamber 2 is inclosed within a shell 14 suitably secured to thecasing 4, such as by screwing the saine thereto. Clamped between theshell 14 and casing 4 is a plate or wall 15 provided with a series ofradial slots 16, which longitu dinally of the burner are also inclined,as shown in Fig. 7, the inclination being in a direction opposite to theinclination of the slots in plate or flange 12. vThe walls forming thepreliminary mixing chamber 1 converge and are flattened, sok as to forman elongated elliptical outlet 17, and said nozzle projects into thebase of chamber 2 beyond the plate `15. The air orV steam supply isthrough pipe 18 connected to the side of casing 4 by means of a passage19 which branches', one branch 20 entering the chamber 1 near .its baseand below the plate or flange 12, while the other branch 21 entersaround the nozzle 17 but below the plate 15.

bThe passage 21 is larger in cross section than the passage 20, so thatthe amount of air supplied thereby bears substantially the same ratio tothe amount of mixed fuel and air passing through nozzle 17 as the amountof air supplied by passage 20 bearsto the fuel supplied by nozzle 7,thereby causing the pressure and velocity of the mixed fuel and air tobe substantially the same inside the end of the nozzle 17 as it 1s inthe base of chamber 2 around the outside of the nozzle 17. Since thefeed of the fuel to the total amount of air and fuel supplied by theburner. The shell 14 inclosing the chamber 2 is also of gen-eral conicalform and its inner end projects into the hase of a conical shell 23inclosing the iinal combustion chamber 8. rlhe base of the shell 23 isprovided with openings 24 and with a rotary regulating valve or damper25 of the usual construction for regulating the size of the inlets tothe shell 3. The air or steam entering through pipe 18 is preferablyunder sul stantial pressure, the degree of which may be regulatedaccording to the particular use of the burner. lf the fuel is a gas italso may be under pressure, but if it is in the form of a liquid it canbe supplied either by the pressure due to gravity or head,.or underforced pressure, the needle valve 11 in both instances controlling thesupply. When gaseous fuel is used, the mixing chamber 1 is made ofsomewhat larger diameter (in a device of the same size) than when liquidfuel is used, but in other particulars the mixer and burner will remainunchanged.

lllhe fuel entering the chamber 1 through the lateral ports 10 in nozzle7 is given a whirling movement, while the air or steam enteringl throughpassage 20 has imparted to it and by the inclined slots 13 in plate orflange 12 a whirling motion in the opposite direction. 1f the ports'10are radial instead of tangential the e'ect is not so pronounced but asthe amount of air or steam is greater than that of the fuel the jets offuel impinge upon the stream of whirling air or steam and produce a goodmixture of air or steam and fuel at this point, which mixture isimproved as'the air or steam and fuel pass along the mixingchamber 1. Atthe end of chamber 1 the mixture is met by a second and larger stream ofair or steam entering through passage 21 and given a whirling motion bythe inclined slots 16 in plate 15 in a direction contrary to thedirection of whirling of the mixture emerging from outlet 17 ofchamber 1. rlhe larger quantity of air or steam admitted through Passage21 is such that it practically balances the pressure of the smalleramount entering through passage 20, so that .there is practically anequalization of pressures at the end of mixing chamber 1. By having thetwostreams swirling in opposite directions a very intimate mixture isproduced, and this is increased from the fact that the stream issuingfrom chamber 1 is in the form of a wide flat stream. rlfhe flame burnsback to the mouth or outlet 17 of chamber 1, and the chamber 2 thereforeis not only a second mixing chamber but a preliminary combustionchamber. rThe flame passes out of the mouth of chamber 2 into chamber3,'where finally a complete combustion takes place, with a furtheradmixture of air through the ports 24 if further air is necessary.

Variations in the form and proportions of Lucarella my improved burnerwill readily suggest themselves and are to be understood as wit-lr inthe scope of the invention, rlhe burner may be used to supply heat forany desired purpose. lt may be supported with its axis horizontal,vertical or at an angle and may point either upwardly or downwardly. Forexample, it may be supported in such manner as to direct a stream ofexceedingly hot gases downwardly into a ladle of molten metal to keepthe same hot, or with proper supporting means one or more of the burnersmay supply the heat for a specially conw structedSieinensvlvlartin/furnace.

llVhat l claim is: f

1. A mixer for an oil or gas burner, come prising a casing having amixing chamber therein and provided with an air inlet through its sidewall, a fitting threaded into lone end of said casing outwardly beyondsaid air inlet and carrying a` tubular nozzle forming a fuel inlet andprojecting into said chamber beyond said air inlet, and a wall or platein said chamber between said air and fuel inlets and having inclinedapertures for causing whirling movement of the entering air, saidtubular fuel nozzle having inclined lateral ports therethrough arrangedon an incline opposite to the incline of the apertures in said wall orplate.

2. gas or oil burner comprising a main body having a mixing chambertherein, a second chamber secured to one end of said body and into whichsaid mixing .chamber projects, an air inlet to the base of said mixingchamber, an air inlet to the base of said second chamber, a fuel inletto said mixing chamber, said fuel inlet comprising a nozzle havinglateral ports therein, and a wall or plate supported in said secondchamber in advance of the air inlet thereto, and Ahaving inclinedapertures therein.

8. A mixer and burner for oil or gas comprising a main body having amixing chamber therein, a second chamber secured to one end of said bodyand into which said mixing chamber projects, an inlet to the base ofsaid mixing chamber, an inlet to the basel of said second chamber, afuel inlet to said mixing chamber, said fuel inlet comprising a nozzlehaving lateral ports therein, a wall or plate supported in said secondchamber in advance of the air inlet thereto and having inclinedapertures therein, and means for supplying air at the same pressure tosaid inlets to said chambers.

4. In a burner, a casing having a mixing chamber therein, a secondcasing secured to one end of said mixing chamber casing and 'with whichsaid mixing chamber communi- Cates, said mixing chamber casing beingformed to provide connected air conduits one leading into said mixingchamber and the other communicating with said second casing, and afitting` threaded into the other recaer-s end of said mixing chambercasing and carrying' a uel inlet nozzle projecting into said mixingchamber beyond the air inlet thereto, and means in said mixing chambercasing between said air and fuel inlets for causing whirling movement ofthe entering air.

5. ln a burner, a casing having a mixing chamber therein, a secondcasing secured to one end of said mixing chamber casing and into Whichsaid mixing chamber leads, said mixing chamber casing being formed toprovide connected air conduits leading into said mixing chamber and saidsecond casing, a fitting threaded into the other end of said mixingchamber casing and carrying a Juel inlet nozzle projecting into saidmixing chamber beyond the air inlet thereto, and plates or Wallssupported in said casings in advance of the'air inlets thereto andhaving oppositely inclined apertures for causing whirling movement ofthe air passing therethrough.

6. An air and gas mixer, comprising a pair of chambers, one leading intothe other, an air inlet to the base of each chamber, walls or platessupported in said chambers .and having inclined apertures therein, the

apertures in said Walls or plates being opposite in direction to eachother, and -a fuel inlet to one of said chambers. y l

7. An air and gas mixer, comprising a pair of chambers, one leading intothe other, an air inlet to the base of each chamber, Walls or platessupported in said chambers and having inclined apertures therein, theapertures in one Wall or plate being opposite in direction to those ofthe other, and

a fuel inlet to one of said chambers, compri'sing a nozzle projectinginto said chamber 1n advance of the air inlet thereto.

8.'An a1r and gas mixer, comprising a pair of chambers, one leading intothe other,

an air inlet to the base of each chamber, Walls or plates supported insaid chambers and having .inclined apertures therein, the apertures inone wall or plate being opposite in direct-ion to those of the other,and a fuel inlet to one of said chambers, comprismg a nozzle projectinginto said chamber in advance of the air vinlet thereto, and vhai/lng abore and lateral ports therethrough.

9. An air and gas mixer, comprising a pair of chambers, one leading intothe other,

an air inlet to the base or each chamber, Walls or plates supported insaid chambers and having inclined apertures therein, the apertures inone Wall or plate being opposite in direction to those of the other, anda fuel inlet to one of said chambers, comprising a nozzle projectinginto said-chamber in I advance of the air inlet thereto and having abore and lateral ports therethrough, said nozzle supporting one of saidWalls or plates.

l0. ln a burner, a casing having a preliminary mixing chamber therein, afuel inlet to said mixing chamber comprising a nozzle projectingthereinto and having inclined lateral ports and a bore, said mixinglchamber being restricted at its forward end,

a secondary mixing chamber into Which -said mixing chamber extends, andair inlets arranged to supply air under common pressure to saidpreliminary and secondary mixing chambers, the inlet to vsaidpreliminary chamber being smallerthan the inlet to saidI second chamber.

11. A combined fuel comprising a pair of connected chambers one leadinginto the other, an air inlet having branches, one branch leading to eachoit' said chambers, a fuel inlet to one of said chambers, and wallshaving inclined slots supported in sai-d chambers and arranged to causewhirling of the air passing therethrough.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

GEORGE. L. FOGLER.

Witnesses:

ELBERT L. HYDE, MARY E. CAHooN.

mixer and burner

